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Topic: GER, GERD

1. Fact Sheet: Barrett's Esophagus

   527

   By: W. Grant Thompson, MD, FRCPC; Ronnie Fass, MD

   Norman Barrett was a pathologist. In 1950, he described an abnormality in the lining of the lower esophagus that bears his name (i.e., Barrett's esophagus). We now believe that it is due to severe, longstanding, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Significantly, most people with GERD have no such abnormality. Nevertheless, the presence of Barrett's esophagus is an important observation since those who have it are at greater than normal risk of developing cancer of the esophagus. A review of diagnosis, management, and treatment. Revised and updated 2012.

   Topics: Esophageal Disorders, GER, GERD
   Non-Member Price: FREE

2. Fact Sheet: H2 Blockers - Indications, Effectiveness and Long-term Use

   528

   By: W. Grant Thompson, MD, FRCPC

   The H2 blockers (also called H2 antagonists) were the first effective drugs for peptic ulcer. In the 1980s, they were the backbone of treatment for ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Now, antibiotics cure non-NSAID ulcers, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are better for GERD. Therefore, H2 antagonists face an uncertain future as prescription drugs. Nonetheless, they are comparatively cheap, effective, and very safe for heartburn relief. Lower dose preparations are available over-the-counter. Reviewed and updated 2009.

   Topics: GER, GERD, Heartburn
   Non-Member Price: FREE

3. Fact Sheet: Heartburn, Hiatal Hernia, and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Adults and Children

   530

   By: Information Adapted from the National Diseases Information Clearinghouse NIH

   Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) does not close properly and stomach contents leak back, or reflux, into the esophagus. The LES is a ring of muscle at the bottom of the esophagus that acts like a valve between the esophagus and stomach. The esophagus carries food from the mouth to the stomach.

   Topics: GER, GERD, GER, GERD, Heartburn, Other Disorders/Symptoms
   Non-Member Price: FREE

4. Fact Sheet: Long-term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitor Medication and GERD

   531

   By: J. Patrick Waring, MD

   Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been widely used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) since 1989. These drugs have proven to be highly effective. However, a recently published research study suggests that taking proton pump inhibitors for prolonged periods may increase the risk of developing pneumonia. What does this mean for those who use the drugs?

   Topics: Clinical Corner, GER, GERD, Heartburn
   Non-Member Price: $0.99

5. Fact Sheet: Unusual Symptoms and GERD

   532

   By: J. Patrick Waring, MD

   Answers to the questions: "Can GERD cause oral symptoms, specifically changes in saliva, or damage to the teeth, tonsils, or uvula (the fleshy structure hanging from the center of the soft palate at the back of the mouth)? My allergist believes GERD may even be contributing to my chronic sinusitis. I have looked on several web sites but have not found answers. Any information would be appreciated." Reviewed 2009.

   Topics: GER, GERD, Motility
   Non-Member Price: $0.99

6. Fact Sheet: Talking to Your Doctor About GERD

   535

   By: International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders IFFGD

   Tips on preparing for your doctor's appointment and questions to ask.

   Topics: GER, GERD, Working with your healthcare provider
   Non-Member Price: FREE

7. Fact Sheet: Historical perspective on the long-term safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

   536

   By: J. Patrick Waring, MD

   For decades, it has been known that stomach acid can cause heartburn when it refluxes back up in to the esophagus. Nearly all remedies that neutralize or suppress stomach acid relieve the symptoms of acid reflux. Millions of people have taken these medications for long periods with great benefit and seemingly few side effects. This article takes a look at several challenges to the safety of acid suppressing medications that have appeared in medical and popular literature.

   Topics: GER, GERD, Heartburn
   Non-Member Price: $0.99

8. Fact Sheet: Another Complication of Reflux: Laryngeal Pharyngeal Reflux (LPR)

   546

   By: J. Patrick Waring, MD

   Many patients with throat discomfort are surprised when they are told that they have laryngeal pharyngeal reflux (LPR). Gastric acid can cause significant inflammation when it falls on the vocal cords. If this happens repeatedly, a person can be left with a number of bothersome throat problems, such as hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, coughing, or the sensation that there is something stuck in their throat. Many patients with LPR do not have any of the typical GERD symptoms. This has lead to some controversies and misunderstandings about LPR.

   Topics: Esophageal Disorders, GER, GERD, Heartburn, Swallowing
   Non-Member Price: $0.99

9. Fact Sheet: Barrett’s Esophagus and Diet

   548

   By: J. Patrick Waring, MD

   Patients with Barrett’s esophagus are often confused about dietary recommendations. This Clinical Corner article outlines our current understanding of how certain foods may affect those who suffer from reflux, GERD, or Barrett's esophagus; and gives some general guidelines for eating patterns that may prevent worsening symptoms.

   Topics: Clinical Corner, Diet, Foods, Esophageal Disorders, GER, GERD, Heartburn
   Non-Member Price: $0.99

10. Fact Sheet: Do I Need Another Endoscopy?

    549

    By: J. Patrick Waring, MD

    This Clinical Corner article explains the current guidelines for how often an endoscopy should be performed in patients with GERD or Barrett's Esophagus.

    Topics: Clinical Corner, Esophageal Disorders, GER, GERD, Tests, upper GI tract, Working with your healthcare provider
    Non-Member Price: $0.99